Understanding dome-building eruptions [Elektronische Ressource] : a rheological and acoustic study / vorgelegt von Yan Lavallée

UNDERSTANDING DOME-BUILDING ERUPTIONS: A RHEOLOGICAL AND ACOUSTIC STUDY Yan Lavallée Dissertation an der Fakultät für Geowissenschaften der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München vorgelegt von Yan Lavallée aus St-Jérôme, Québec, Canada München, den 21. November, 2007 ii Erstgutachter: DONALD B. DINGWELL Zweitgutachter: JÖRN H. KRUHL Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 7. February, 2008 iii iv […] and Pachamama trembled, for long it roar and longer it went on, and before exhaustion, fire slit its throat and cinders went tumbling down the slopes of Tungurahua; I was high up, over there, and saw everything Later it settled… …the next day, the riders stormed by and stirred it all again. We can look at the photographs later […] - telltale of a friend who witness the August 2006 eruption of Tungurahua, Ecuador …Maman, on est quoi? v viTable of Content ix i) List of figures ii) List of tables x iii) Acknowledgments xi iv) Preamble xiii v) Summary xiv vi) Zusammenfassung xvi Chapter 1. Introduction 21 1.1. lava rheology 22 1.2. Seismogenic volcanic conduits 25 1.3. Acoustic Emission (AE) 26 1.4. Failure Forecast Method (FFM) 27 1.5. Uniaxial compression experiments 28 Chapter 2. High-load, high-temperature deformation apparatus for synthetic and natural silicate melts) 32 2.1. Introduction 33 2.2. Instrument design 34 2.3.